Al Thakhira Reserve was established based on Decision No. (6) of 2006. It is in the northeast of the State of Qatar, approximately 64 km from Doha. This area is distinguished by its evergreen mangrove trees, which thrive in salty seawater throughout both summer and winter. The long coastline, rich with mangroves, is highly popular among ornithologists. The reserve mainly consists of sabkha (supratidal mudflat), which are difficult to cross— especially when soft, as they resemble quicksand. It is considered the largest mangrove forest in Qatar. It represents a coastal wetland system that includes a mix of creeks, mudflats, sabkhas, coral reefs, and seagrass beds. The area is home to 130 species of seabirds and many coastal species. The protected area in Al Thakhira Bay comprises five relatively intact and distinct natural ecosystems: sandy or rocky seashores with tidal pools, mangrove swamps, stony desert, and coastal salt flats (sabkha). This composition serves as a model for all ecosystem types found in Qatar, in addition to having significant regional representation tied to the extensive grey mangrove forests and large seagrass beds. The ecosystems in Al Thakhira Bay are important regional habitats for breeding, foraging, and resting of migratory birds and other wildlife, including the osprey and various amphibians and marine mammals. The mangrove trees provide nesting grounds for migratory birds and serve as breeding grounds for fish eggs.
